Micron Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-night-mode-disabled vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="en" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Process-oriented programming</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process-oriented_programming"> <link href="./mw/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/user.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Process-oriented_programming rootpage-Process-oriented_programming skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">
<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Process-oriented programming</span></span>
</h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Process-oriented programming</b> is a <a href="Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">programming paradigm</a> that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them. The data structures in this case are typically persistent, complex, and large scale - the subject of general purpose applications, as opposed to specialized processing of specialized data sets seen in high productivity applications (HPC). The model allows the creation of large scale applications that partially share common data sets. Programs are functionally decomposed into parallel processes that create and act upon logically shared data.
</p><p>The paradigm was originally invented for parallel computers in the 1980s, especially computers built with <a href="Transputer" title="Transputer">transputer</a> microprocessors by <a href="INMOS" class="mw-redirect" title="INMOS">INMOS</a>, or similar architectures. <a href="Occam_programming_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Occam programming language">Occam</a> was an early process-oriented language developed for the Transputer.
</p><p>Some derivations have evolved from the <a href="Message_passing" title="Message passing">message passing</a> paradigm of Occam to enable uniform efficiency when porting applications between <a href="Distributed_memory" title="Distributed memory">distributed memory</a> and <a href="Shared_memory" title="Shared memory">shared memory</a> parallel computers . The first such derived example appears in the programming language <a href="Ease_programming_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ease programming language">Ease</a> designed at Yale University<sup id="cite_ref-process_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-process-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-process2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-process2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1990. Similar models have appeared since in the loose combination of SQL databases and objected oriented languages such as <a href="Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>, often referred to as object-relational models and widely used in large scale distributed systems today. The paradigm is likely to appear on desktop computers as microprocessors increase the number of processors (<a href="Multi-core_processor" title="Multi-core processor">multicore</a>) per chip.
</p><p>The <a href="Actor_model" title="Actor model">Actor model</a> might usefully be described as a specialized kind of process-oriented system in which the message-passing model is restricted to the simple fixed case of one infinite <a href="Input_queue" title="Input queue">input queue</a> per process (i.e. actor), to which any other process can send messages.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li>Communicating process architectures</li>
<li><a href="Massively_parallel_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Massively parallel processing">Massively parallel processing</a></li>
<li><a href="Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">Parallel computing</a></li>
<li><a href="Multi-core_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-core (computing)">Multi-core</a></li>
<li><a href="Actor_model" title="Actor model">Actor model</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-process-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-process_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><cite id="CITEREFEricsson-Zenith1990" class="citation document cs1">Ericsson-Zenith (1990). "Programming with Ease; Semiotic definition of the language" (Document). Yale University, Computer Science Technical Report YALEU/DCS/RR-809.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-process2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-process2_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEricsson-Zenith1992" class="citation book cs1">Ericsson-Zenith (1992). <i>Process Interaction Models</i>. Paris University.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2392&amp;context=thesesdissertations">Sowders, Matthew, "ProcessJ: A process-oriented programming language" (2011). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. Paper 1393.</a></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" ยท ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Programming_paradigms_(Comparison_by_language)368" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div id="Programming_paradigms_(Comparison_by_language)368" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Programming paradigms</a> (<a href="Comparison_of_multi-paradigm_programming_languages" title="Comparison of multi-paradigm programming languages">Comparison by language</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Imperative_programming" title="Imperative programming">Imperative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Structured_programming" title="Structured programming">Structured</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Jackson_structured_programming" title="Jackson structured programming">Jackson structures</a></li>
<li><a href="Block_(programming)" title="Block (programming)">Block-structured</a></li>
<li><a href="Modular_programming" title="Modular programming">Modular</a></li>
<li><a href="Non-structured_programming" title="Non-structured programming">Non-structured</a></li>
<li><a href="Procedural_programming" title="Procedural programming">Procedural</a></li>
<li><a href="Programming_in_the_large_and_programming_in_the_small" title="Programming in the large and programming in the small">Programming in the large and in the small</a></li>
<li><a href="Design_by_contract" title="Design by contract">Design by contract</a></li>
<li><a href="Invariant-based_programming" title="Invariant-based programming">Invariant-based</a></li>
<li><a href="Nested_function" title="Nested function">Nested function</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object-oriented</a><br>(<a href="Comparison_of_programming_languages_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Comparison of programming languages (object-oriented programming)">comparison</a>, <a href="List_of_object-oriented_programming_languages" title="List of object-oriented programming languages">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Class-based_programming" title="Class-based programming">Class-based</a>, <a href="Prototype-based_programming" title="Prototype-based programming">Prototype-based</a>, <a href="Object-based_language" title="Object-based language">Object-based</a></li>
<li><a href="Agent-oriented_programming" title="Agent-oriented programming">Agent</a></li>
<li><a href="Immutable_object" title="Immutable object">Immutable object</a></li>
<li><a href="Persistent_programming_language" title="Persistent programming language">Persistent</a></li>
<li><a href="Uniform_function_call_syntax" title="Uniform function call syntax">Uniform function call syntax</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Declarative_programming" title="Declarative programming">Declarative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">Functional</a><br>(<a href="Comparison_of_functional_programming_languages" title="Comparison of functional programming languages">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Recursion_(computer_science)" title="Recursion (computer science)">Recursive</a></li>
<li><a href="Anonymous_function" title="Anonymous function">Anonymous function</a> (<a href="Partial_application" title="Partial application">Partial application</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Higher-order_programming" title="Higher-order programming">Higher-order</a></li>
<li><a href="Purely_functional_programming" title="Purely functional programming">Purely functional</a></li>
<li><a href="Total_functional_programming" title="Total functional programming">Total</a></li>
<li><a href="Strict_programming_language" title="Strict programming language">Strict</a></li>
<li><a href="Generalized_algebraic_data_type" title="Generalized algebraic data type">GADTs</a></li>
<li><a href="Dependent_type" title="Dependent type">Dependent types</a></li>
<li><a href="Functional_logic_programming" title="Functional logic programming">Functional logic</a></li>
<li><a href="Tacit_programming" title="Tacit programming">Point-free style</a></li>
<li><a href="Expression-oriented_programming_language" title="Expression-oriented programming language">Expression-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="Applicative_programming_language" title="Applicative programming language">Applicative</a>, <a href="Concatenative_programming_language" title="Concatenative programming language">Concatenative</a></li>
<li><a href="Function-level_programming" title="Function-level programming">Function-level</a>, <a href="Value-level_programming" title="Value-level programming">Value-level</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dataflow_programming" title="Dataflow programming">Dataflow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Flow-based_programming" title="Flow-based programming">Flow-based</a></li>
<li><a href="Reactive_programming" title="Reactive programming">Reactive</a> (<a href="Functional_reactive_programming" title="Functional reactive programming">Functional reactive</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Signal_programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal programming">Signals</a></li>
<li><a href="Stream_processing" title="Stream processing">Streams</a></li>
<li><a href="Synchronous_programming_language" title="Synchronous programming language">Synchronous</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Logic_programming" title="Logic programming">Logic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Abductive_logic_programming" title="Abductive logic programming">Abductive logic</a></li>
<li><a href="Answer_set_programming" title="Answer set programming">Answer set</a></li>
<li><a href="Constraint_programming" title="Constraint programming">Constraint</a> (<a href="Constraint_logic_programming" title="Constraint logic programming">Constraint logic</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Inductive_logic_programming" title="Inductive logic programming">Inductive logic</a></li>
<li><a href="Nondeterministic_programming" title="Nondeterministic programming">Nondeterministic</a></li>
<li><a href="Ontology_language" title="Ontology language">Ontology</a></li>
<li><a href="Probabilistic_logic_programming" title="Probabilistic logic programming">Probabilistic logic</a></li>
<li><a href="Query_language" title="Query language">Query</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Domain-specific_language" title="Domain-specific language">DSL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Algebraic_modeling_language" title="Algebraic modeling language">Algebraic modeling</a></li>
<li><a href="Array_programming" title="Array programming">Array</a></li>
<li><a href="Automata-based_programming" title="Automata-based programming">Automata-based</a> (<a href="Action_language" title="Action language">Action</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Command_language" title="Command language">Command</a> (<a href="Spacecraft_command_language" title="Spacecraft command language">Spacecraft</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Differentiable_programming" title="Differentiable programming">Differentiable</a></li>
<li><a href="End-user_development" title="End-user development">End-user</a></li>
<li><a href="Grammar-oriented_programming" title="Grammar-oriented programming">Grammar-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="Interface_description_language" title="Interface description language">Interface description</a></li>
<li><a href="Language-oriented_programming" title="Language-oriented programming">Language-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="List_comprehension" title="List comprehension">List comprehension</a></li>
<li><a href="Low-code_development_platform" title="Low-code development platform">Low-code</a></li>
<li><a href="Modeling_language" title="Modeling language">Modeling</a></li>
<li><a href="Natural-language_programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural-language programming">Natural language</a></li>
<li><a href="Non-English-based_programming_languages" title="Non-English-based programming languages">Non-English-based</a></li>
<li><a href="Page_description_language" title="Page description language">Page description</a></li>
<li><a href="Pipeline_(software)" title="Pipeline (software)">Pipes</a> and <a href="Filter_(software)" title="Filter (software)">filters</a></li>
<li><a href="Probabilistic_programming" title="Probabilistic programming">Probabilistic</a></li>
<li><a href="Quantum_programming" title="Quantum programming">Quantum</a></li>
<li><a href="Scientific_programming_language" title="Scientific programming language">Scientific</a></li>
<li><a href="Scripting_language" title="Scripting language">Scripting</a></li>
<li><a href="Set_theoretic_programming" title="Set theoretic programming">Set-theoretic</a></li>
<li><a href="Simulation_language" title="Simulation language">Simulation</a></li>
<li><a href="Stack-oriented_programming" title="Stack-oriented programming">Stack-based</a></li>
<li><a href="System_programming_language" title="System programming language">System</a></li>
<li><a href="Tactile_programming_language" title="Tactile programming language">Tactile</a></li>
<li><a href="Template_processor" title="Template processor">Templating</a></li>
<li><a href="Transformation_language" title="Transformation language">Transformation</a> (<a href="Graph_rewriting" title="Graph rewriting">Graph rewriting</a>, <a href="Production_system_(computer_science)" title="Production system (computer science)">Production</a>, <a href="Pattern_matching" title="Pattern matching">Pattern</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Visual_programming_language" title="Visual programming language">Visual</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Concurrent_computing" title="Concurrent computing">Concurrent</a>,<br><a href="Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed</a>,<br><a href="Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Actor_model" title="Actor model">Actor-based</a></li>
<li><a href="Automatic_mutual_exclusion" title="Automatic mutual exclusion">Automatic mutual exclusion</a></li>
<li><a href="Choreographic_programming" title="Choreographic programming">Choreographic programming</a></li>
<li><a href="Concurrent_logic_programming" title="Concurrent logic programming">Concurrent logic</a> (<a href="Concurrent_constraint_logic_programming" title="Concurrent constraint logic programming">Concurrent constraint logic</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Concurrent_object-oriented_programming" title="Concurrent object-oriented programming">Concurrent OO</a></li>
<li><a href="Macroprogramming" title="Macroprogramming">Macroprogramming</a></li>
<li><a href="Multitier_programming" title="Multitier programming">Multitier programming</a></li>
<li><a href="Organic_computing" title="Organic computing">Organic computing</a></li>
<li><a href="Parallel_programming_model" title="Parallel programming model">Parallel programming models</a></li>
<li><a href="Partitioned_global_address_space" title="Partitioned global address space">Partitioned global address space</a></li>

<li><a href="Relativistic_programming" title="Relativistic programming">Relativistic programming</a></li>
<li><a href="Service-oriented_programming" title="Service-oriented programming">Service-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="Structured_concurrency" title="Structured concurrency">Structured concurrency</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Metaprogramming" title="Metaprogramming">Metaprogramming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Attribute-oriented_programming" title="Attribute-oriented programming">Attribute-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="Automatic_programming" title="Automatic programming">Automatic</a> (<a href="Inductive_programming" title="Inductive programming">Inductive</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Dynamic_programming_language" title="Dynamic programming language">Dynamic</a></li>
<li><a href="Extensible_programming" title="Extensible programming">Extensible</a></li>
<li><a href="Generic_programming" title="Generic programming">Generic</a></li>
<li><a href="Homoiconicity" title="Homoiconicity">Homoiconicity</a></li>
<li><a href="Interactive_programming" title="Interactive programming">Interactive</a></li>
<li><a href="Macro_(computer_science)" title="Macro (computer science)">Macro</a> (<a href="Hygienic_macro" title="Hygienic macro">Hygienic</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Metalinguistic_abstraction" title="Metalinguistic abstraction">Metalinguistic abstraction</a></li>
<li><a href="Multi-stage_programming" title="Multi-stage programming">Multi-stage</a></li>
<li><a href="Program_synthesis" title="Program synthesis">Program synthesis</a> (<a href="Bayesian_program_synthesis" title="Bayesian program synthesis">Bayesian</a>, <a href="Inferential_programming" title="Inferential programming">Inferential</a>, <a href="Programming_by_demonstration" title="Programming by demonstration">by demonstration</a>, <a href="Programming_by_example" title="Programming by example">by example</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Reflective_programming" title="Reflective programming">Reflective</a></li>
<li><a href="Self-modifying_code" title="Self-modifying code">Self-modifying code</a></li>
<li><a href="Symbolic_programming" title="Symbolic programming">Symbolic</a></li>
<li><a href="Template_metaprogramming" title="Template metaprogramming">Template</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Separation_of_concerns" title="Separation of concerns">Separation<br>of concerns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Aspect-oriented_programming" title="Aspect-oriented programming">Aspects</a></li>
<li><a href="Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Components</a></li>
<li><a href="Data-driven_programming" title="Data-driven programming">Data-driven</a></li>
<li><a href="Data-oriented_design" title="Data-oriented design">Data-oriented</a></li>
<li><a href="Event-driven_programming" title="Event-driven programming">Event-driven</a></li>
<li><a href="Feature-oriented_programming" title="Feature-oriented programming">Features</a></li>
<li><a href="Literate_programming" title="Literate programming">Literate</a></li>
<li><a href="Role-oriented_programming" title="Role-oriented programming">Roles</a></li>
<li><a href="Subject-oriented_programming" title="Subject-oriented programming">Subjects</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-02-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Process-oriented_programming&amp;oldid=1202046033">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>

</body></html>